The Precautionary Principle is the international guideline for governments to deal with potential health crisis when consensus in science is not yet available. According to “The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) – 2005 World Commission on the Ethics of Scientific Knowledge and Technology", the Precautionary Principle is defined as:
When human activities may lead to morally unacceptable harm that is scientifically plausible but uncertain, actions shall be taken to avoid or diminish that harm.
Morally unacceptable harm refers to harm to humans or the environment that is
- threatening to human life or health, or
- serious and effectively irreversible, or
- inequitable to present or future generations, or
- imposed without adequate consideration of the human rights of those affected.
Actions are interventions that are undertaken before harm occurs that seek to avoid or diminish the harm.
The PP requires that the main burden of providing evidence for safety rests on the proposers of a new technology or activity.
When human activities may lead to morally unacceptable harm that is scientifically plausible but uncertain, actions shall be taken to avoid or diminish that harm.
Morally unacceptable harm refers to harm to humans or the environment that is
- threatening to human life or health, or
- serious and effectively irreversible, or
- inequitable to present or future generations, or
- imposed without adequate consideration of the human rights of those affected.
Actions are interventions that are undertaken before harm occurs that seek to avoid or diminish the harm.
The PP requires that the main burden of providing evidence for safety rests on the proposers of a new technology or activity.
预防原则
预防原则是各国政府在科学尚未能达到共识之前，应对潜在健康危机的国际准则，根据“联合国教育，科学及文化组织2005年世界伦理委员会的科学知识与技术联会”, 预防原则的定义为：
当人类活动可能导致道德上不可接受的危害，在科学上是可发生，但未能确定的的危害，应当采取的行动是以避免或减少损害。
道德上不可接受的损害，是指危害人类或环境的，
-威胁人类生命或健康的，或
- 严重的和不可逆转的，或
-对现在或将来世代不公平的，或
-没有充分考虑受影响者人权的。
采取进行干预之行动，是要在发生损害之前，设法避免或减少伤害。
当人类活动可能导致道德上不可接受的危害，在科学上是可发生，但未能确定的的危害，应当采取的行动是以避免或减少损害。
道德上不可接受的损害，是指危害人类或环境的，
-威胁人类生命或健康的，或
- 严重的和不可逆转的，或
-对现在或将来世代不公平的，或
-没有充分考虑受影响者人权的。
采取进行干预之行动，是要在发生损害之前，设法避免或减少伤害。
預防原則
預防原則是各國政府在科學尚未能達到共識之前，應對潛在健康危機的國際準則，根據“聯合國教育，科學及文化組織2005年世界倫理委員會的科學知識與技術聯會”,預防原則的定義爲：
當人類活動可能導致道德上不可接受的危害，在科學上是可發生
， 但未能確定的的危害，應當採取的行動是以避免或減少損害。
道德上不可接受的損害，是指危害人類或環境的，
-威脅人類生命或健康的
，或
-嚴重的和不可逆轉的，或
-對現在或將來世代不公平的，或
-沒有充分考慮受影響者人權的。
採取進行干預之行動，是要在發生損害之前
，設法避免或減少傷害。
預防原則要求新科技或活動的提議者承擔提供安全證據的主要責任。